First opened Friday, April 27, 2012
協定
きょうてい
- flat (heiban)
How to read it: a line over a kana means the voice is high there, and ↓ marks where it drops. A kana with no line is low. With no ↓ the pitch stays high to the end and does not drop even on a following particle (が, は).
arrangement, pact, agreement
Kyōtei is ultimately traceable to Middle Chinese 協定, but may be a recent Japanese term, attested only since 1877.
Taken apart
Select a part to see every word so far that is taken apart with it.
Wiktionary's text doesn't split this word, so each part is one of its kanji (with the okurigana written after it), with the reading and the dictionary meaning KANJIDIC2 gives that character — a word doesn't always use every sense of its kanji.
In a sentence
彼は協定を破ることがよくある。
He often offends against our agreement.
今度の協定を三社で承認しあった。
This agreement was confirmed by three companies.
Sentences are from Tatoeba (CC BY 2.0 FR), picked by fixed rules from a dated export and shown unchanged. Nobody has reviewed them one by one.
What Wiktionary says
Quoted line by line from Wiktionary's Etymology section for this reading, taken from one dated dump so it can't change underneath us. Nothing below is paraphrased.
Not settled
Wiktionary itself hedges on part of this word's origin — those lines are marked below.
- “/keputei/ → /kefuteː/ → /keuteː/ → /kjoːteː/”
- Hedged“Ultimately traceable back to Middle Chinese 協定 (MC hep dengH). However, this might be a much more recent term in Japanese, attested only since 1877, suggesting that this word may have been adopted as part of the modernization and internationalization efforts of the Meiji era (1868–1912).”
Source: Wiktionary: 協定 (dump of 2026-09-02), available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Reading, meaning and part of speech from JMdict, and kanji readings from KANJIDIC2 (EDRDG).
What the labels mean
- 漢語 Sino-Japanese
- Words built from Chinese-derived morphemes — borrowed from Chinese or coined in Japan out of Chinese parts — read with on'yomi.
- Compound
- Two or more words or stems joined into one.
- Sound change
- The pronunciation shifted over the centuries.