First opened Monday, March 12, 2012
孤児
こじ
- head-high (atamadaka): falls after mora 1
How to read it: a line over a kana means the voice is high there, and ↓ marks where it drops. A kana with no line is low. With no ↓ the pitch stays high to the end and does not drop even on a following particle (が, は).
orphan
Koji is from Middle Chinese 孤兒 (MC ku nye|ngej).
Taken apart
Select a part to see every word so far that is taken apart with it.
Wiktionary's text doesn't split this word, so each part is one of its kanji (with the okurigana written after it), with the reading and the dictionary meaning KANJIDIC2 gives that character — a word doesn't always use every sense of its kanji.
In a sentence
We don't have the data for this section. The pinned Tatoeba export has no sentence with a translation that uses this word and passes our filter.
What Wiktionary says
Quoted line by line from Wiktionary's Etymology section for this reading, taken from one dated dump so it can't change underneath us. Nothing below is paraphrased.
- “From Middle Chinese 孤兒 (MC ku nye|ngej).”
Source: Wiktionary: 孤児 (dump of 2026-09-02), available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Reading, meaning and part of speech from JMdict, and kanji readings from KANJIDIC2 (EDRDG).
Other readings of 孤児 on the same Wiktionary page
These describe other words written the same way, not こじ. They are quoted for context: the parts, layer and processes of this word are not taken from them.
みなしご
- “⟨mi₂nasigo₁⟩ → */mɨnasiᵑɡo/ → /minaɕiɡo/”
- “身(み) (mi, “identity, family”) + 無(な)し (nashi, “none, without”) + 子(こ) (ko, “child”).”
- “The ko changes to go as an instance of rendaku (連濁).”
- “The spelling is jukujikun (熟(じゅく)字(じ)訓(くん)).”
- “First attested in Shōsōin documents from 702 in the name 巳奈志児刀良売 (mi₂nasigo₁-to₁ra-me₁).”
What the labels mean
- 漢語 Sino-Japanese
- Words built from Chinese-derived morphemes — borrowed from Chinese or coined in Japan out of Chinese parts — read with on'yomi.
- Compound
- Two or more words or stems joined into one.
- Borrowing
- Taken over from another language.